Welcome to another F2P OSRS guide. In this guide, we’ll take a look at the mechanics behind OSRS Magic Combat and how Magic works!

It is important to note that this guide is intended to establish a basic understanding of the mechanics, so I will use approximations and simplifications to make things easier to understand. Without further ado, let’s get started!

Magic Attack, Strength And Defense

First, we have a Magic Attack, which is Magic Accuracy. This affects how often you hit your target. This is a combination of your Magic level and any Magic equipment bonuses provided by your armor, weapons, or other items.

Magic Strength or rather Magic Damage. This isn’t actually very useful early on, as very few items actually increase Magic Strength. Ancient Sceptre, Black Mask and Slayer Masks are some of the more easily obtained items that provide a percentage-based bonus to spell damage. But these items belong to mid-range games and are beyond this guide.

Magic Damage is determined by the spell you use. For example, Wind Strike has base damage of 2 and Wind Blast has base damage of 13. These maximum hits have nothing to do with your Magic level, as it cast them from a spell book. Therefore, even at level 99, Magic Wind Strike still has base damage of 2.

Usually spells based on Spellbook have a fixed maximum hit, such as Trident of the Seas. They use your Magic level as the basis for damage output. But again, these are mid-range gaming level items, a bit out of scope.

For now, just know that the spells you choose to cast usually set your Max Hits, so we can look up the handy OSRS Wiki table to find our Magic Max Hits.

Finally, we have Magic Defense. Unlike Melee and Ranged, which are entirely dependent on your defense level and equipment bonus. Magic Defense is a combination of your actual Magic level (70%), base Defense level (30%), and any equipment bonuses.

As you can see, it’s similar to the defense calculation we used before. We should note here that for monsters, this is not their base Defense level, but their Magic level and Magic Defense bonus.

Magic Equipment

Magic Equipment is very similar to Melee and Ranged equipment. Rewards are provided by Armor, Weapons, Necklaces and other equipment items. However, there are two key differences.

First, like Ranged, spells usually require ammunition in rune form. For example, a Wind Strike requires Mind Rune and a Wind Rune. These need to be farmed from drops, Runecrafted, or purchased from Magic Store and GE.

Next, you can only auto-cast magic by equipping a staff or similar item. These staffs often also provide other magic bonuses, such as an unlimited supply of certain runes. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that you get a set of staff before training magic. Because auto-cast magic is necessary, and it also saves OSRS Gold and inventory slots.

Magic Attack, Styles, Speed & Range

Base level magic attacks award XP based on spells cast, with additional magic HP and XP added based on any damage dealt.

Unlike Melee and Ranged attacks, which require a weapon, Spellbook manual clicking can cast Magic and has no attack style. You can access Magic Attack option by equipping a Magic staff weapon.

Once equipped, you can choose which spells you want to auto-cast. But this doesn’t provide any additional benefits other than allowing you to auto-attack or auto-retaliate using spells from your equipped Spellbook. Therefore, as with manual spellcasting, XP is awarded based on base spell XP, plus additional magic HP and XP based on any damage dealt.

The last option for equipping staff is Defensive Casting. This is the same as the previous auto-cast option. In addition to damage, it divided XP into Magic, HP, and Defense. There is no invisible bonus to magic casting unless using a Powered staff.

Powered staff allow players to throw in Accurate or Long-range styles. Accurate provides invisibility +3 magic level, while Long-range provides +1 magic and +3 defense level and is also invisible. In addition, Long-range can also increase the magic attack range by +2.

All magic attacks have a cast speed of 5 ticks. There are some exceptions, including Powered staff with a cast speed of 4 ticks. It also fixed the range of magic attacks at 10 ticks, which obviously applies mainly to combat spells.

Some Powered staffs have lower range, you can also enhance it with Long-range, the maximum range is 10. If the weapon or attack already has a range of 10, Long-range provides no additional range bonus.

DPS Calculations

As with these guides, high DPS is the end goal, as this gives us the most XP/hour.

Unlike Melee and Ranged, spells tend to have a fixed speed and maximum hit, so DPS is more dependent on spell and enemy selection.

As Magic level increases and higher damaging spells are unlocked, figuring out the exact DPS is a little troublesome. The equation here will show you how to do this. There’s another handy OSRS Wiki table that will give you the maximum DPS for each spell.

Unfortunately, my XP trick works with Melee and Ranged, so we can’t use it in this case. So if you want actual DPS you can either take the best-case scenario and assume the maximum number of hits in the table, or you have to calculate it the old-fashioned way.

At the end of this guide, I hope this OSRS Magic combat mechanics guide has been useful. Hopefully, it helps shed some light on what’s going on behind the scenes and how to maximize your character’s performance.

If you’re an avid RuneScape 3 fan looking to make the most of your crafting skills. Then you might be looking for a profitable yet relaxing way to craft while offline to take advantage of the bonus XP from the last day of XP Week.

So, in this guide, we’re going to share some highly profitable crafting methods for AFK training in RuneScape 3.

Dragonstone Necklace

We will first describe a wonderful craft method involving the making of Dragonstone Necklace. This method is very versatile and allows you to earn a decent amount of RS3 Gold by crafting these valuable Necklaces with Dragonstone and Gold Bar.

Also, you can choose to create Combat Bracelet, Ring of Wealth, and other Dragonstone jewelry to generate profits. However, Dragonstone Necklace is one of the most popular items.

Players of RuneScape 3 often choose Dragonstone Necklace. This is mainly because it meets market demand. It not only guarantees players’ profits but also circulates in the market. Especially for Porters, which is a must-have for many players, Dragonstone Necklace has become popular.

Players can also choose to sell these Necklaces directly at Grand Exchange or enchant them for extra profit. This method is a good option if you want to gain crafting experience while farming gold.

How To Use It?

There are many ways you can use Dragonstone Necklace. You can use it with Alchemy, use machines or sell them directly. The choice depends on the build in your account and your own preferences.

Notably, it can also profit from caching. Especially if you wait for the right moment, such as a bonus XP event, when the price will usually increase.

Tips

It is important to note that if you have not completed Family Crest mission, you cannot use Gold Bar storage feature in Furnace.

Still, you can craft Dragonstone Necklace efficiently if you place it near a bank, such as Prifddinas’ Workshop. After completing the mission, you can craft a total of 28 Necklaces in your inventory. This will bring you greater convenience.

Also, if you plan to enchant Dragonstone Necklace, you will also need to reach a certain level of magic. If you’re not there yet, consider using Extreme Magic Potions to increase your level temporarily. This will allow you to perform enchantment spells that you wouldn’t normally be able to perform.

Finally, make sure to use bonus XP tokens wisely. If you’re planning to get into Slayer soon, Slayer Masks are a priority, as they offer significant advantages. Using tokens to unlock Slayer Masks makes Slayer easier.

Lever

In addition to Dragonstone crafting, Lever crafting can also help you gain experience points quickly. But unlike gem crafting, which can usually be AFK, Lever crafting requires more effort and provides excellent experience points. Also, you’ll want to focus on Lever prices, as they tend to drop at the end of bonus XP events.

Royal Dragonhide Body

You may also consider crafting Royal Dragonhide Body for high crafting experience points and substantial profits. Since Royal Dragonhide Body has high alchemy value and they are in high demand, there is no risk of price falling.

Players should preset 18 threads and fill the remaining inventory with Royal Dragon Leather and Beast of Burden. It takes 36 seconds to make 18 Royal Dragonhide Bodies. You should be able to craft 1800 Royal Dragonhide Bodies per hour. But you don’t need all 1800 lines, as 1 line can be used to make multiple Royal Dragonhide Bodies.

The process involves combining it with Royal Dragon Leather, which nets you around 350k XP per hour.

Conclusion

As you complete your bonus XP and prepare for regular play, consider these crafting methods to get the most profit while training your RuneScape 3 skills.

These methods of making Dragonstone Necklace, Lever, and Royal Dragonhide Body are both suitable for AFK and profitable at the same time. Following this guide can help you strategically use bonus XP tokens and maximize your profits!

The new version of Forestry comes with a series of exciting additions to Woodcutting, making it even more fun. The community gathers in designated worlds to complete Events, Pet Hunting, and XP collection. This is what I have honed into 99 Woodcutting on my maxing journey.

So here I want to share some Forestry tips. These tips have really enriched my experience and I hope it helps you too.

Prepare

We’ll start with a very basic one. You probably already know this. In order to turn your Beaver Pet into a Fox or Pheasant, you must have rare items that drop from events.

In order to have a chance of dropping, you must have a Trap Disarmer and Padded Spoon equipped in your Forestry toolbox. Alternatively, you can spend OSRS Gold from Grand Exchange to purchase inventory or trade with Freaky Forester.

Tips & Tricks

Here are some of my tips to make the event easier and more efficient so you can gain more experience.

Haircut Event

For example, when each event resets at the end, you can just pick a set of flowers so you still get the full experience drops for the entire event.

This also applies to Haircut Events. But it depends on how much you interact with it.

Therefore, I recommend you return to Woodcutting after completing Haircut Event and make sure to stock up on some items. For example, Padded Spoon, Bee on a stick and all the items that make the event happen. This will enhance your experience. They will pop up more depending on how many items you have in your inventory or Forestry toolbox.

For some of them, you do get more rewards just by having the item in your Forestry kit.

Rainbow

When Leprechaun comes out, you’ll pop up a Rainbow. When you stand under Rainbow for about 2 game ticks, it will give you enhanced experience points, regardless of how many experience points the wood you are cutting has dropped.

I recommend tagging all Rainbows as they appear. Because of their IDs, you must tag them individually. But once you have all Rainbows, they’re easier to catch, and you won’t miss out on the boosting experience.

Poacher

During Poacher event, you will place traps on the ground, which last approximately 7 game cycles. I recommend you keep chopping wood until the last possible moment, and be sure to consider run times, so that you hit the trap at the best time. This way you get more experience points and don’t waste woodcutting experience points disarming traps.

Ritual Circle

The same applies to Ritual Circle. You’ll have approximately 27 game minutes to reach Ritual Circle, stand on it and receive 300 experience points at the end of the event.

You will need to get around 3000 full experience points. So when you're woodcutting, it’s definitely worth doing it efficiently. Please don’t just stand on the circle unless you just want to AFK.

Mulch

During a Mulch event, be aware of other people calling the rotation. For example, if someone said RRG, they would say first is red, second is red, and third is green. If you’re the one calling the rotation, be a team player.

If you want to farm Fox Whistle, remember that it doesn’t matter how many traps you disarm, but how long you were there from the start of the campaign to the end.

Hello and welcome to another guide on F2P OSRS mechanism. In this guide, we’ll look at the mechanics behind OSRS ranged combat. This guide is intended to establish a basic understanding of the mechanics, so I’ll use approximations and simplified terms to make things easier to understand.

Ticks Combat Levels & Rolls

OSRS runs on a clock or tick system. Each tick lasts about 0.6 seconds, which is roughly equivalent to 100 ticks per minute. But in some cases, players can manipulate ticks.

Currently, the only reason we need to know about ticks is to understand the speed of OSRS weapons and actions. Combat level is the benchmark for measuring your overall combat effectiveness. In OSRS, this is a combination of your skill levels: HP, Attack, Strength, Defense, Magic, Ranged and Prayer. Unless you’re playing specific PK or Pure builds, you don’t really need to worry too much.

The last thing is Actual Combat Rolls. OSRS uses attack and defense rolls to determine whether an attack hits.

So-called Opposed Rolls, both the attacker and the defender roll dice, and if the attacker rolls higher than the defender, the attack succeeds and a “hit” occurs. When a hit occurs, it made a second roll to determine damage.

In OSRS, you can roll a 0 here in most cases. So while you might get a successful hit, you still don’t actually do damage to the defender’s HP. Damage rolls are rolls from 0 to the current maximum hit.

Ranged Attack, Strength & Defense

Thankfully, the range is slightly simpler than melee, as there’s a direct correlation between primary stats and associated effects.

First, we have a Ranged Attack, which is Ranged Accuracy. This affects how often you land hits on your target. This is a combination of your ranged rating and the equipment bonuses provided by your armor set. Therefore, to improve your ranged attack, investing more OSRS Gold to upgrade your armor set may be the best option.

Ranged Strength is ranged damage. This represents the maximum damage you can deal with a single attack and is a combination of your ranged rating. At least, for Bows and Crossbows, it’s the strength bonus provided by the ammunition you’re using.

Finally, Ranged Defense is great. Your defense rating, combined with the armor you use, gives you overall ranged defense capabilities. The higher these two values are, the less likely you are to be hit by a Ranged Attack.

Ranged Equipment

Ranged Equipment is similar to Melee Equipment in most respects, except that instead of having 3 melee damage types, ranged equipment has its own damage type.

We usually divide equipment into Weapons, Ammunition, Throw Weapons and Armor. Weapons such as Bows and Crossbows provide a Ranged Attack bonus, while Ammunition provides a Ranged Strength bonus.

Also note that, like melee weapons, ranged weapons have speed. Similar to melee weapons, lower speed is better. Ranged weapons also have a “range” that is usually between 6-10 game tiles. It can expand this to up to 10 using ranged attacks.

Ranged armor also usually provides higher magic defense and is widely used by melee players in “PK” situations. Because they hope to make up for their weakness in magic based on the combat triangle.

It is also worth mentioning the consumption of ammunition. You’ll notice that when you attack an enemy, Arrows, Bolts or other things will pile up on the square below the opponent.

I always recommend restoring these arrows. However, you’ll notice that when you do this, you recover less often than you fire. This is because in OSRS, every time you fire an arrow or use any ranged ammo, there is a 20% chance of that ammo being destroyed.

A quick tip that’s very helpful here is to talk to Lumbridge’s ranged tutor and turn on auto-equipment as soon as possible. This means that if you pick up any Arrows or Bolts that match what you have equipped, it will immediately equip them instead of putting them into your inventory!

Ranged Attack Styles

All ranged weapons have 3 simple attack styles: Accurate, Rapid and Long Ranged.

Accurate style, adds an invisible +3 ranged level bonus, increases Ranged Accuracy and Ranged Strength. When fighting this way, you gain 4 ranged XP and 1.33 HP XP for each point of damage dealt. While the benefits of this style sound great, most players prefer to use Rapid style.

Rapid style reduces weapon speed by 1 tick, allowing you to attack more often. When you weigh the advantages of slightly higher accuracy and max hit versus more attacks, having more attacks results in higher overall damage. When fighting this way as before, you’ll gain 4 ranged XP and 1.33 HP XP for each point of damage dealt.

Long Ranged style increases invisible +3 defense level and increases your attack range by +2 blocks. When fighting this way, you gain 2 ranged XP, 2 defense XP, and 1.33 HP XP for each point of damage dealt. But this style is only useful when trying to engage from a distance. Once they get close, it’s better to switch to Rapid style unless you really need the +3 defense bonus.

Ranged DPS

Just like melee weapons, highest Ranged DPS is always the end goal. And, as before, weapon speed plays a sizeable role in this calculation.

For general ranged combat, players always use a short bow. Although you lose some range, the 25% increase in speed more than makes up for it.

Crossbows are a different story. They are not free. But compared to Arrows, Crossbows offer a significantly higher Ranged Strength bonus, which more than makes up for the slower attack speed.

To figure out the exact DPS, I’m going to show you how to do this via an equation. However, it’s somewhat time-synced, it’s probably only worth doing to compare mid-range game gear sets, check trained enemies.

If you want to understand the concepts covered so far, with the right combination of Combat Style, Skill Level, Weapon and Equipment, you should be able to get very close to max DPS without having to calculate it.

That concludes this guide. I hope this OSRS ranged combat mechanics guide has been useful to you and helped shed some light on what’s going on behind the scenes and how to maximize your character’s performance.